Antenna & Wave propagation (EC-602)
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B.Tech RGPV notes AICTE flexible curricula Bachelor of technology
Syllabus
UNIT 1:
Radiation
Potential function and the Electromagnetic field, potential functions for Sinusoidal Oscillations,
retarded potential, the Alternating current element (or oscillating Electric Dipole), Power
radiated by a current element, Application to short antennas, Assumed current distribution,
Radiation from a Quarter wave monopole or Half wave dipole, sine and cosine integral,
Electromagnetic field close to an antenna,Solution of the potential equations, Far-field
Approximation.
UNIT 2:
Antenna Fundamentals
Introduction, network theorems, directional properties of dipole antennas, travelling –wave
antennas and effect of feed on standing-wave antennas, two –element array, horizontal patterns
in broad-cast arrays, linear arrays, multiplication of patterns ,effect of earth on vertical patterns,
Binomial array, antenna gain, effective area.
UNIT 3:
Types of antennas
log periodic antenna, loop antenna, helical antenna, biconical antenna, folded dipole antenna,
Yagi-Uda antenna, lens antenna, turnstile antenna. Long wire antenna: resonant and travelling
wave antennas for different wave lengths, V-antenna, rhombic antenna, beverage antenna,
UNIT 4:
Aperture and slot
Radiation from rectangular apertures, Uniform and Tapered aperture, Horn
antenna , Reflector antenna , Aperture blockage , Feeding structures , Slot antennas ,Microstrip
antennas – Radiation mechanism – Application ,Numerical tool for antenna analysis
UNIT 5:
Propagation of radio waves
Fundamentals of electromagnetic waves, effects of the environment, modes of propagation.
Ground wave propagation- Introduction, plane earth reflection, space wave and surface wave,
transition between surface and space wave, tilt of wave front due to ground losses.
Space wave propagation- Introduction, field strength relation, effects of imperfect earth,
curvature of earth and interference zone, shadowing effect of hills and buildings, absorption by
atmospheric phenomena, variation of field strength with height, super refraction, scattering,
tropospheric propagation, fading, path loss calculations. Sky wave propagation- Introduction,
structural details of the ionosphere, wave propagation mechanism, refraction and reflection of
sky waves by ionosphere, ray path, critical frequency, MUF, LUF, OF, virtual height, skip
distance, relation between MUF and skip distance.
NOTES
- Unit 1
- Unit 2
- Unit 3
- Unit 4
- Unit 5
Books Recommended
1. Jordan and Balmain: Electromagnetic Waves and Radiating System, PHI Learning.
2. Krauss: Antennas and wave propagation, TMH.
3. Balanis: Antenna Theory Analysis and Design, Wiley India Pvt. Ltd.
4. Harish and Sachidananda: Antennas and wave propagation, Oxford University Press.
5. Raju: Antennas and Wave Propagation, Pearson Education.
6. Kennedy: Electronic Communication Systems, TMH.
List of Experiments:
1. To Plot the Radiation Pattern of an Omni Directional Antenna.
2. To Plot the Radiation Pattern of a Directional Antenna.
3. To Plot the Radiation Pattern of a Parabolic Reflector Antenna.
4. To Plot the Radiation Pattern of a Log Periodic Antenna.
5. To Plot the Radiation Pattern of a Patch Antenna.
6. To Plot the Radiation Pattern of a Dipole/ Folded Dipole Antenna.
7. To Plot the Radiation Pattern of a Yagi (3-EL/4EL) Antenna.
8. To Plot the Radiation Pattern of a Monopole/ WHIP/ Collinear Antenna.
9. To Plot the Radiation Pattern of a Broad site Antenna.
10. To Plot the Radiation Pattern of a Square Loop Antenna.